Production of minimally entangled typical thermal states with the Krylov-space approach

The minimally entangled typical thermal states algorithm is applied to fermionic systems using the Krylov-space approach to evolve the system in imaginary time. The convergence of local observables is studied in a tight-binding system with a site-dependent potential. The temperature dependence of the superconducting correlations of the attractive Hubbard model is analyzed on chains, showing an exponential decay with distance and exponents proportional to the temperature at low temperatures, as expected. In addition, the non-local parity correlator is calculated at finite temperature. Other possible applications of the minimally entangled typical thermal states algorithm to fermionic systems are also discussed.Comment: revtex4, 4 figure

On the Nature of the Phase Transition Triggered by Vortex-Like Deffects in the 2D Ginzburg-Landau Model

The two dimensional lattice Ginzburg-Landau hamiltonian is simulated numerically for different values of the coherence length $\xi$ in units of the lattice spacing $a$, a parameter which controls amplitude fluctuations. The phase diagram on the plane $T-\xi$ is measured. Amplitude fluctuations change dramatically the nature of the phase transition: for values of $\xi/a \simeq 1$, instead of the smooth Kosterlitz-Thouless transition there is a {\em first order} transition with a discontinuity in the vortex density $v$ and a sharper drop in the helicity modulus $\Gamma$. Both observables $v$ and $\Gamma$ are analyzed in detail at the crossover region between first and second order which occurs for intermediate values of $\xi/a$.Comment: 9 pages, 7 postscript (eps) figure

Symmetry Conserving Purification of Quantum States within the Density Matrix Renormalization Group

The density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) algorithm was originally designed to efficiently compute the zero temperature or ground-state properties of one dimensional strongly correlated quantum systems. The development of the algorithm at finite temperature has been a topic of much interest, because of the usefulness of thermodynamics quantities in understanding the physics of condensed matter systems, and because of the increased complexity associated with efficiently computing temperature-dependent properties. The ancilla method is a DMRG technique that enables the computation of these thermodynamic quantities. In this paper, we review the ancilla method, and improve its performance by working on reduced Hilbert spaces and using canonical approaches. We furthermore explore its applicability beyond spins systems to t-J and Hubbard models.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

Spectral Functions with the Density Matrix Renormalization Group: Krylov-space Approach for Correction Vectors

Frequency-dependent correlations, such as the spectral function and the dynamical structure factor, help understand condensed matter experiments. Within the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) framework, an accurate method for calculating spectral functions directly in frequency is the correction-vector method. The correction-vector can be computed by solving a linear equation or by minimizing a functional. This paper proposes an alternative to calculate the correction vector: to use the Krylov-space approach. This paper then studies the accuracy and performance of the Krylov-space approach, when applied to the Heisenberg, the t-J, and the Hubbard models. The cases studied indicate that Krylov-space approach can be more accurate and efficient than conjugate gradient, and that the error of the former integrates best when a Krylov-space decomposition is also used for ground state DMRG.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

Global interactions, information flow, and chaos synchronization

We investigate the relationship between the emergence of chaos synchronization and the information flow in dynamical systems possessing homogeneous or heterogeneous global interactions whose origin can be external (driven systems) or internal (autonomous systems). By employing general models of coupled chaotic maps for such systems, we show that the presence of a homogeneous global field, either external or internal, for all times is not indispensable for achieving complete or generalized synchronization in a system of chaotic elements. Complete synchronization can also appear with heterogeneous global fields; it does not requires the simultaneous sharing of the field by all the elements in a system. We use the normalized mutual information and the information transfer between global and local variables to characterize complete and generalized synchronization. We show that these information measures can characterize both types of synchronized states and also allow to discern the origin of a global interaction field. A synchronization state emerges when a sufficient amount of information provided by a field is shared by all the elements in the system, on the average over long times. Thus, the maximum value of the top-down information transfer can be used as a predictor of synchronization in a system, as a parameter is varied.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Cryptanalyzing an improved security modulated chaotic encryption scheme using ciphertext absolute value

This paper describes the security weakness of a recently proposed improved chaotic encryption method based on the modulation of a signal generated by a chaotic system with an appropriately chosen scalar signal. The aim of the improvement is to avoid the breaking of chaotic encryption schemes by means of the return map attack introduced by Perez and Cerdeira. A method of attack based on taking the absolute value of the ciphertext is presented, that allows for the cancellation of the modulation scalar signal and the determination of some system parameters that play the role of system key. The proposed improved method is shown to be compromised without any knowledge of the chaotic system parameter values and even without knowing the transmitter structure.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, LaTeX forma

Multi-Orbital Lattice Model for (Ga,Mn)As and Other Lightly Magnetically Doped Zinc-Blende-Type Semiconductors

We present a Hamiltonian in real space which is well suited to study numerically the behavior of holes introduced in III-V semiconductors by Mn doping when the III$^{3+}$ ion is replaced by Mn$^{2+}$. We consider the actual lattice with the diamond structure. Since the focus is on light doping by acceptors, a bonding combination of III and V p-orbitals is considered since the top of the valence band, located at the $\Gamma$ point, has p character in these materials. As a result, an effective model in which the holes hop between the sites of an fcc lattice is obtained. We show that around the $\Gamma$ point in momentum space the Hamiltonian for the undoped case is identical to the one for the Luttinger-Kohn model. The spin-orbit interaction is included as well as the on-site interaction between the spin of the magnetic impurity and the spin of the doped holes. The effect of Coulomb interactions between Mn$^{2+}$ and holes, as well as Mn$^{3+}$ doping are discussed. Through large-scale Monte Carlo simulations on a Cray XT3 supercomputer, we show that this model reproduces many experimental results for ${\rm Ga_{\it 1-x}Mn_{\it x}As}$ and ${\rm Ga_{\it 1-x}Mn_{\it x}Sb}$, and that the Curie temperature does not increase monotonically with $x$. The cases of Mn doped GaP and GaN, in which Mn$^{3+}$ is believed to play a role, are also studied.Comment: 17 pages, 11 figure

Methods for analyzing surface texture effects of volcanoes with Plinian and subplinian eruptions types: Cases of study Lascar (23 S) and Chaiten (42 S), Chile

This paper presents a new methodology that provides the analysis of surface texture changes in areas adjacent to the volcano and its impact product of volcanic activity. To do this, algorithms from digital image processing such as the co-occurrence matrix and the wavelet transform are used. These methods are working on images taken by the Landsat satellite platform sensor 5 TM and Landsat 7 ETM + sensor, and implemented with the purpose of evaluating superficial changes that can warn of surface movements of the volcano. The results were evaluated by similarity metrics for grayscale images, and validated in two different scenarios that have the same type of eruption, but differ, essentially, in climate and vegetation. Finally, the proposed algorithm is presented, setting the parameters and constraints for implementation and use.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figure

Chaotic singular maps

We consider a family of singular maps as an example of a simple model of dynamical systems exhibiting the property of robust chaos on a well defined range of parameters. Critical boundaries separating the region of robust chaos from the region where stable fixed points exist are calculated on the parameter space of the system. It is shown that the transitions to robust chaos in these systems occur either through the routes of type-I or type-III intermittency and the critical boundaries for each type of transition have been determined on the phase diagram of the system. The simplicity of these singular maps and the robustness of their chaotic dynamics make them useful ingredients in the construction of models and in applications that require reliable operation under chaos.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted in Cienci

Scaling of the Lyapunov exponent in type-III intermittent chaos

The scaling behaviour of the Lyapunov exponent near the transition to chaos via type-III intermittency is determined for a generic map. A critical exponent $\beta$ expressing the scaling of the Lyapunov exponent as a function of both, the reinjection probability and the nonlinearity of the map is calculated. It is found that the critical exponent varies on the interval $0 < \beta < 1$. This contrasts with earlier predictions for the scaling behaviour of the Lyapunov exponent in type-III intermittency.Comment: 4 pages, 5 Figs, Submitted to IJB